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Is it really "lazy eye" or just strabismus?
A lot of people mistakenly refer to any crossed or turned eye as a "lazy eye." In reality, though, the two conditions aren't the same thing. If the eye simply turns in towards the nose or out towards the corner, but the person can still see out of that eye (even with double vision), the condition is called "strabismus." Conversely, true lazy eye, known by the medical term "amblyopia," is limited vision or even blindness in the turned eye. So, if someone has a turned eye, but can see out of that eye, they have strabismus. If someone has limited vision in one eye, whether or not the eye turns, they have amblyopia. Why the confusion?
The confusion happens because strabismus, if left untreated, can cause amblyopia. For a person to have normal vision, the two eyes need to work in unison to send images to the visual cortex of the brain. If one eye stays constantly in a turned position, it can cause double vision and poor depth perception. Obviously, this can cause a person to have a lot of trouble with every day tasks, even something as simple as navigating around furniture. To avoid these problems, the brain eventually learns to ignore the confusing signals it receives from the turned eye and simply "switches off" that eye. Fortunately, if the eye turns only some of the time, known as alternating or intermittent strabismus, it's unlikely the person will develop amblyopia. Lazy eye treatment v. strabismus treatment
Treatment for the two conditions also differs. For strabismus, there are several non-invasive treatment methods. One is orthopedics, which is strength training for the eye muscles. Another is vision therapy designed to help a person learn to coordinate their eye movements better. For mild amblyopia, glasses may help. For more severe cases, however, treatments may involve patching the good eye to make the weaker one work more to become stronger or, in some cases, surgery.
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Contributor's Note
I'm working on a fundraiser to help a three-year-old girl who needs fairly urgent eye surgery her family can't afford.
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Fundraiser for a little girl with strabismus
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This intel was contributed by ozhina
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May, 2012
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